This picture and the other 'Massacre of the Innocents' in the Collection by the same artist are probably fragments from a single work. Details of the work are taken from Mantegna's engravings of 'The Entombment' and 'Bacchanal with a Wine-press'.

Some details recur (with variations) in Mocetto's engravings 'The Killing of the Sow' and 'The Altar of Sacrifice' and in a fresco ascribed to him in Verona.